Which statement best describes how BPH causes urinary symptoms?</n>

• A. Enlargement of the prostate can cause obstruction, preventing emptying of the bladder and resulting in bladder distention.
• B. BPH reduces bladder capacity due to inflammation.
• C. BPH increases urine production causing polyuria.
• D. BPH strengthens bladder contractions causing urge incontinence.

Answer: (A)

Blockage of the urethra from an enlarged prostate leads to urinary symptoms because the bladder has to push urine through a narrowed outlet. This outflow obstruction makes it hard to empty the bladder completely, so residual urine builds up and the bladder may become distended over time. The persistent inefficiency of emptying produces symptoms like a weak or slow urine stream, hesitancy, and nocturia as the bladder tries to compensate and overtime may irritate the detrusor muscle.

The other statements don’t fit the usual pattern of BPH. It isn’t driven by inflammatory changes that shrink bladder capacity, it doesn’t increase urine production, and it doesn’t cause stronger bladder contractions that lead to urge incontinence. The core issue is physical outflow obstruction causing incomplete emptying and its downstream effects.